Create account

Year 1 · Medicine · Medical University, Pleven

Biology: notes and exam prep for MU Pleven

Biology for Year 1 Medicine at the Medical University, Pleven: all 93 syllabus topics in 4 sections, with exam-focused notes, figures and flashcards.

What Biology has on SuperMed

  • Notes on 20 of the 93 topics so far, written to answer the syllabus question as it is asked, with 687 figures and diagrams.
  • 1,840 flashcards for the facts you have to recall, with spaced review.

The Biology syllabus

Every topic, numbered as the department numbers it.

General and molecular biology38 topics

  1. 1General biology: definition, subject, position in the system of sciencesfree
  2. 2Proteins. Protein domains. Protein familiesfree
  3. 2Recognition and self-assembly of macromolecules. Cytoskeletonfree
  4. 3Nucleic acids. DNA. RNAfree
  5. 4DNA replicationfree
  6. 5DNA repairfree
  7. 6Transcriptionfree
  8. 7Prokaryotic genome and regulation of gene expression
  9. 8Eukaryotic genome and regulation of gene expression
  10. 9RNA processingfree
  11. 10Genetic code. Translationfree
  12. 11Protein synthesis (translation) – mechanism and control in proand eukaryotes
  13. 12Proteins after translation: sorting, folding, modifications, degradationfree
  14. 13Aging and degradation of proteins – proteasomеs
  15. 14Cytoplasmic (extrachromosomal) inheritance in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
  16. 15Eukaryotic genes: general structures and organization. DNA packaging in chromatin fibers
  17. 16Human karyotype. Types of chromosomes
  18. 16Methods of karyotyping and chromosome analysis
  19. 18General (homologous) recombination. Molecular mechanisms of crossing over
  20. 18Site-specific recombination
  21. 19Heredity. Mendel’s lows and deviations from predicted ratio. Gene interactions and patterns of inheritance
  22. 20Genetic linkage and crossing over. Recombinant variation
  23. 21Inheritance and environment. Phenocopy and genocopy
  24. 22Phenotype, genotype and allele frequencies. Hardy–Weinberg law
  25. 23Factors influencing allele frequencies: mutations, migrations, natural selection
  26. 23Effects of isolation: genetic drift, inbreeding
  27. 24Gene mutations. Mechanisms and mutagenic factors
  28. 24Aetiology of monogenic disorders - mutational process, types of mutations, mutagensfree
  29. 24Functional effects of variants - quantitative, qualitative and complex effectsfree
  30. 25Chromosomal mutations. Evolution of karyotype
  31. 25Principal mechanisms of chromosomal imbalance - chromosomal mutations, fragility, mosaicismfree
  32. 25Chromosomal disorders of the sex chromosomes - structural and numerical abnormalities
  33. 25Chromosomal disorders of the autosomes - trisomy 21, 18, 13, Wolf-Hirschhorn, cri-du-chat, Pallister-Killian
  34. 27Denaturation, renaturation and hybridization of DNA
  35. 28Recombinant DNA technology - restriction endonucleases, DNA vectors, recombinant proteins
  36. 28Transgenic animals. Gene therapy
  37. 28Genome editing
  38. 28Treatment of genetic disorders - conventional, orphan drugs, targeted therapy, gene therapy

From here on, topics open with Super.Super is €14.99 a month

Cell and reproductive biology14 topics

  1. 29Cell cycle. Individual development of cells
  2. 30Cell cycle. Mitosis. Cell cycle control
  3. 31Growth factors, proto-oncogenes, oncogenes, tumour suppressors. Oncogenic viruses
  4. 32Cell senescence. Cell death: apoptosis, necrosis
  5. 33Meiosis. Origin of gametes
  6. 34Oogenesis. Mature mammalian ova
  7. 35Spermatogenesis. Mammalian spermatozoa
  8. 36Sex determination and differentiation
  9. 36Meiosis. Origin of germ cells
  10. 37Fertilization. Interaction of maternal and paternal genomes
  11. 38Assisted reproduction: IVF, ICSI
  12. 39Development from zygote to neurula. Embryological models - echinoderms, amphibians, amniotes
  13. 39Mosaic and regulatory embryonic development. Morphogens and embryonic induction
  14. 39Preimplantation mammalian embryo

Immunology18 topics

  1. 40Immunological homeostasis. Organs and cells of immune system
  2. 41Innate immunity
  3. 41Lymphocyte differentiation in peripheral lymphoid organs. Immune response
  4. 42Immunogens and antigens – characteristics
  5. 43Blood group alloantigens. ABO and H blood groups
  6. 44Alloantigens in man - Rhesus, Lewis, Secretors
  7. 45Structure of antibodies
  8. 45Functions of antibodies
  9. 46Immunological methods. Diagnosis of viral infections
  10. 47Genetic basis of antibodies and T-cell receptors
  11. 47Lymphocyte differentiation in central lymphoid organs
  12. 49Complement. Pathways of complement activation
  13. 50Immune memory
  14. 51Molecules of cell-mediated immunity
  15. 52Cytotoxic and helper T lymphocytes
  16. 54Transplantation immunology. Immune response in Graft rejection. Adoptive immunity. Graft versus host reactions
  17. 55Immune tolerance. Regulatory T lymphocytes
  18. 56AIDS

Parasitology23 topics

  1. 57Parasites and parasitism. Parasite-host interactions. Classification of parasites and diseases
  2. 58Protozoa. Phylum Sarcomastigophora. Subphylum Mastigophora (Flagellata). Genus Trypanosomafree
  3. 59Leishmania donovany, L. tropica, L. infantum, L. mexicana
  4. 60Genus Trichomonas. Giardia lamblia (Lamblia intestinalis)free
  5. 62Subphylum Sarcodina. Genus Entamoebafree
  6. 62Phylum Ciliophora. Balantidium coli
  7. 63Phylum Apicomplexa. Toxoplasma gondiifree
  8. 64Genus Plasmodium. Morphological differences in the erythrocyte schizogony of Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium falciparum
  9. 65Phylum Platyhelminthes: important evolutionary changes. Class Trematoda. Genus Fasciola
  10. 65Dicrocoelium dendriticum (D. lanceatum)
  11. 65Genus Opisthorchis. Genus Schistosoma
  12. 66Class Cestoda. Diphyllobothrium latum
  13. 66Taenia saginata. Taenia solium
  14. 66Echinococcus granulosus. Hymenolepis nana
  15. 67Phylum Nematoda. Ascaris lumbricoides
  16. 67Enterobius vermicularis. Trichuris trichiura (Trichocephalus trichiurus)
  17. 67Trichinella spiralis
  18. 68Phylum Arthropoda: important evolutionary changes. Class Crustacea: general characterization. Class Arachnida. Orders Scorpiones and Araneae
  19. 69Ticks and mites – their role in vector-born diseases
  20. 70Class Insecta. The role of insects as vectors and mechanical carriers
  21. 71Pediculus humanus. Phthirius pubis. Cimex lectularius. Pulex irritans
  22. 73Genus Culex, genus Anopheles, and genus Aedes: morphological differences. Genus Phlebotomus
  23. 74Phlebotomus papatasii, Musca domestica

Who writes it

Each topic is drafted by a senior student against the syllabus question, sourced from the department’s lectures and textbook, and checked line by line by a second student before it is published. It is exam study support, not clinical guidance, and SuperMed is not affiliated with the university. How content is made

Other subjects

Start free. No card needed.

Every account starts free, with Medical Ethics, Urology and Computer Science open in full and free topics in Cytology, Latin Language, Medical Chemistry, Medical Physics, Medical Biology, Anatomy, Biophysics, Medical Psychology, MCS (Disaster Medicine), Physiology, Biochemistry, Social Medicine, Medical Genetics, General Pathology, Pharmacology, Pathophysiology, Microbiology, Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Cardiology, Pulmonology, Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine (Clinical), Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Dental Materials (Dental Medicine), Preclinics of Prosthetic Dental Medicine, Medical Psychology (Dental Medicine), SMME (Social Medicine & Medical Ethics), Preclinics of Pediatric Dental Medicine, Hygiene and Epidemiology, General Surgery, Preclinics of Conservative Dental Medicine, Preclinics of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Public Health, Dental Prophylaxis, Diagnostic Imaging, Dental Allergology, Dental Implantology, Physiotherapy, Cytology & Histology, Medical Chemistry, Medical Physics, Anatomy I, Biophysics, Latin with Medical Terminology, Medical Biology, Biochemistry, Human Physiology, Social Medicine and Medical Ethics, Anatomy II, Microbiology, Medical Psychology, Pathophysiology, Disaster Medicine, Hygiene, Ecology and Occupational Diseases, Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, General and Operative Surgery, Roentgenology and Radiology, Clinical Laboratory, Medical Physics (Dental Medicine), Cytology, Histology and Embryology, Human Biology (Dental Medicine), Latin and Medical Terminology, Anatomy and Histology (Dental Medicine), Chemistry (Dental Medicine), Biophysics (Dental Medicine), Dental Materials (Dental Medicine), Preclinic of Prosthetic Dentistry, Social Medicine with Medical Ethics, Biochemistry (Dental Medicine), Human Physiology (Dental Medicine), Microbiology (Dental Medicine), Pediatric Dentistry - Part I, Medical Psychology (Dental Medicine), Pathoanatomy (Dental Medicine), Dental Prevention, Pathophysiology (Dental Medicine), Conservative Dentistry - Part I, Special Surgery, including Local Anaesthesia and Analgesics in Dental Medicine, Human Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Latin Language with Medical Terminology, Anatomy and Histology, Cytology, General Histology and Human Embryology, Biophysics, Social Medicine and Biostatistics, Biochemistry, Human Physiology, Disaster Medicine, Pathophysiology, General Pathology, Hygiene and Ecology, Medical Psychology, Chemistry (Dental Medicine), Physics and Biophysics, Cytology, General Histology and Human Embryology (Dental Medicine), Human Biology, Human Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Latin Language (Dental Medicine), Computer Technique, Dental Materials (Dental Medicine), Dental Morphology, Occlusion and Function of the Jaws, Anatomy and Human Histology, Biochemistry (Dental Medicine), Pre-clinics of Pediatric Dentistry, Human Physiology (Dental Medicine), Social Medicine and Medical Ethics (Dental Medicine), Medical Psychology (Dental Medicine), Disaster Medicine (Dental Medicine), Propaedeutics of Conservative Dentistry, Pharmacology (Dental Medicine), Pathophysiology (Dental Medicine), Pathoanatomy (Dental Medicine), Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Anaesthesiology and Emergencies, Otorhinolaryngology (Dental Medicine), Propaedeutics of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Local Anaesthesia, Public Dental Health, Cytology, General Histology and Human Embryology, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Latin Language with Medical Terminology, Human Anatomy, Biophysics, Physiology, Biochemistry, Medical Psychology, Medical Informatics, Social Medicine, Microbiology, Medical Ethics, Pathophysiology, Medical Statistics, Communication Skills, General and Operative Surgery, Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical Genetics, Hygiene, Ecology and Occupational Diseases, Radiology, Disaster Medicine, Ophthalmology and Clinical Laboratory. Super opens the rest. Super is €14.99 a month.

Create a free account